Spain

Spain is one of the most historically significant countries in the world. Prehistoric and ancient Spain was inhabited by many cultures including the Iberians, Celts, Phoenicians, and Greeks. In 206 BC, Rome conquered the Iberian Peninsula, forming the basis of Hispania. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Visigoths established a kingdom in Hispania, but their rule was challenged by various invaders, including the Moors.

In 711 AD, Muslim forces from North Africa (Moors) crossed into Spain and established Al-Andalus, a Muslim-ruled territory that coexisted with Christian kingdoms in the north. Al-Andalus saw significant cultural and scientific advancements. The influences of this period are clearly visible in historical sites like Cordoba and Granada. Over the next 700 years, The Christian kingdoms in the north waged the Reconquista to retake the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors. This period saw the emergence of Castile, Aragon, and Portugal as powerful kingdoms. In 1469, the marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile led to the establishment of a unified Spanish monarchy. In 1492, the monarchy completed the Reconquista by capturing Granada, the last Muslim stronghold.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, known as the Age of Exploration, Spain became a global superpower with explorers like Christopher Columbus and Hernán Cortés discovering new lands and spreading Spanish power globally. At its peak, the Spanish Empire included territories in the Americas, Asia, and Europe, making Spain one of the wealthiest nations in the world. During this period, Spain also experienced an artistic renaissance with writers like Miguel de Cervantes and painters like Diego Velázquez producing influential works. By the 18th century though, Spain’s power began to decline, and they lost several of their colonies with Napoleon’s invasion in the early 19th century, and the Spanish-American War of 1898.

From 1936-1939, a Civil War erupted in Spain, leading to the rise of Francisco Franco, who ruled the country as a dictator until his death in 1975. It was only then that Spain transitioned to a parliamentary democracy, eventually joining the European Union in 1986.

Today, Spain is the second most visited country in the world, attracting over 80 million visitors annually. Visitors are attracted to its natural beauty – from the sunny coastline and beautiful beaches of the Costa del Sol and Valencia to the rugged terrain of Andalucía and the Pyrenees – its stunning cities bursting with history, culture, and world-famous art and architecture, its multiple UNESCO world heritage sites, and its delicious culinary delights. Visitors also flock to experience its many festivals like La Tomatina, the Running of the Bulls in Pamplona, and the Semana Santa processions in Seville.

Spain is one of the most enchanting and mesmerizing destinations on the planet. Whether you’re interested in history, food, art, or outdoor adventures, Spain has something to offer every type of traveler.

Destinations

Key sights to see

Barcelona

Located in the northeast of Spain, on the Mediterranean Coast, Barcelona attracts over 10 million visitors a year, who flock here to see the famous architectural works of Antoni Gaudí, walk through the historic Gothic Quarter, enjoy the beautiful beaches and the thriving art and culinary scene, or watch one of the world’s most famous football (soccer) teams – FC Barcelona – in action.

Madrid

Dating back to the 9th century, when it was a small Muslim fortress called “Mayrit,,” Madrid today is the capital of Spain, and a vibrant and culturally rich city. Visitors from around the world flock to the city to experience its world-famous museums, iconic monuments and architecture, lush green parks, exquisite restaurants, and one of the world’s most famous football (soccer) clubs – Real Madrid!

Andalucia

Located in southern Spain, Andalucia is the country's largest region both in terms of area and population. It is known for its rich history, diverse culture, vibrant and historic cities like Seville, Córdoba, Granada, Málaga, and Cadiz, and stunning landscapes, ranging from the Sierra Nevada mountains to fertile plains, extensive olive groves, and the beautiful Mediterranean and Atlantic coastlines.

Valencia

Located on the eastern Mediterranean coast of Spain, Valencia is the third-largest city in Spain. The most famous landmark is the City of Arts and Sciences. Other notable sites include the Valencia Cathedral, Torres de Serranos (Serranos Towers), and La Lonja de la Seda (Silk Exchange), a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Valencia is also known for its vibrant cultural scene, delicious cuisine, and beautiful sandy beaches.

Alicante

Located south of Valencia, Alicante was founded by the Romans, and then ruled by various civilizations, including the Moors and the Christians. Visitors can explore attractions such as the Co-Cathedral of Saint Nicholas of Bari, the Basilica of Santa Maria, and the Explanada de España, a picturesque promenade running alongside Alicante's marina, or simply enjoy the city's spectacular beaches.

Ibiza, Balearic Islands

Ibiza is perhaps the most famous of the Balearic Islands, located in the Mediterranean sea, off the coast of Valencia. The island's nightlife is legendary, as are its spectacular beaches with soft white sand and crystal-clear waters. Beyond its reputation as a top party destination, Ibiza is also home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the fortified town of Dalt vila.

Mallorca, Balearic Islands

Mallorca, also spelled Majorca, is the largest island in the Balearic Islands archipelago. The capital city of Mallorca is a vibrant cosmopolitan hub with a rich history and cultural heritage. Highlights include the imposing Gothic-style Palma Cathedral (La Seu), the historic Almudaina Palace, and the picturesque Old Town. The island also has several historic castles and fortresses, and numerous beautiful beaches.

Pamplona

Pamplona, the capital city of the Navarre region in northern Spain, is renowned for the annual San Fermín festival, which features the famous "Running of the Bulls" event. During this event, bulls are released into the narrow streets of the old town, and daredevils, or "mozos," run in front of them to demonstrate their bravery. The city also has a rich blend of architectural styles and a rich culinary tradition.

Bilbao

Bilbao is a vibrant city in Spain's Basque country that is most famous for the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, designed by renowned architect Frank Gehry. The museum's distinctive titanium-clad structure has become a symbol of the city. Bilbao also has a historic Old Town, a vibrant waterfront, world-famous cuisine, and one of Spain's most storied football clubs, Athletic Club Bilbao.

Spain

Destinations

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